any的语法知识点 any的用法和辨析( 三 )


most 与 most of 的区别
most与most of的区别在许多情况下与所修饰的名词是否带有限定词(如冠词、指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格等)有关,具体说来,应注意以下几点:
1. 若所修饰的名词前没有限定词,通常要用most,不用most of 。如:
Most people agree with me. 多数人同意我的意见 。
Most cheese is made from cow’s milk. 奶酪大都是用牛奶做的 。
Most people work from nine to five. 大多数人从9点工作到5点 。
但是,在习惯上不带冠词的专有名词(如人名和地名等)或抽象名词(如学科名词等)前,要用most of,不用most 。如:
Most of George seemed to be covered with hair. 乔治身上好像大部分地方都长毛 。
Most of Wales was without electricity last night. 昨天夜里,威尔士多数地区都停电了 。
2. 若所修饰的名词前带有限定词,则用most of,不能只用most 。如:
Most of my friends live abroad. 我的朋友大多数住在国外 。
Most of the people here know each other. 这里大多数人互相认识 。
He’s eaten two pizzas and most of a cold chicken. 他吃了两张比萨饼和大半只冷鸡 。
Most of those workers have still been unable to find jobs. 这批工人中大多数仍未能找到工作 。
注意要不按汉语思维电影,将限定词放在most之前 。如:
误:My most friends live abroad.
误:The most people here know each other.
误:He’s eaten two pizzas and a most cold chicken.
误:Those most workers have still been unable to find jobs.
对于可数名词来说,如果是单数形式,不能直接在其前使用most,而应使用“most of+限定词+单数可数名词”的形式 。如:
Narrative makes up most of the book. 记叙文占书的大部分 。
You’ve got most of the bed as usual. 你跟往常一样占了大半张床 。
The hen sits for most of the day. 这只母鸡整天大部分时间都在抱窝 。
It was wet and windy for most of the week. 一周大半时间都是又下雨又刮风 。
3. 若直接用在代词之前,要用most of,不用most 。如:
A few people were killed in the fire, but most were saved. 在那场火灾中,有几个人被烧死,但大部分人都得救了 。
Some potatoes have been harvested, but most are still in the ground. 一些土豆已经收获了,但大多数仍然在地里 。
5. most (of) …用作主语时,其谓语的数需根据它所修饰或代表的名词的数来确定 。如:
Most of her books were stolen. 她的大部分书被偷走了 。
Most of her money was stolen. 她的大部分钱被走偷了 。
6. most与most of修饰名词时有时在含义上有差别,即前者多表示泛指,后者多表示特指 。比较:
Most people like to spend Christmas at home. 多数人喜欢在家里过圣诞节 。
Most of the people I know like to spend Christmas at home. 我所认识的人当中,多数人喜欢在家里过圣诞节 。

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