托福阅读和听力托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗( 四 ) _托福

就像我刚提到的， 36000公里是近地同步卫星的最低轨道高度。
20.take for granted：认为…理所当然
Paraphrase: assume sth.Is real for sure
官方真题Official: T24L3 – Archeology
Today we take for granted that there horizontal bands of plant communities.
今天我们认为植物带的水平分布是理所当然的。
21.tall order：离谱的要求，苛求
Paraphrase: hard to achieve or fulfill
官方真题Official: T5C2 – Student & Professor
It's still a pretty tall order, and we will be moving right along, so you will really need to stay on top of it.
这始终是个苛刻的要求，我们要一直保持前进，你就必须保持在巅峰状态。
22.tongue in cheek：不是认真的，虚情假意的
Paraphrase:not seriously
官方真题Official:T12L1 – Biology
That's the so-called JUNK DNA. Though the word junk is used sort of tongue in cheek.
这就是所谓的“无用DNA” ，不过junk一词在这里有点嘲弄的意思。
2020托福听力练习：对蜘蛛的恐惧
"Both of us were in the lab when we just saw a spider, and I'm really afraid of them.
So I started to scream for her to come and pick it up because she's not afraid of them.”
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev psychologist Tali Leibovich, talking about herself and a colleague.
“And she said, but it's small, how come you're afraid of it?
And I said, no it's huge! And she said 'it's small; I said it's huge.
We started arguing, and this is why we started this study. To see who is right."
Leibovich does not ordinarily study spiders.
But this spider encounter made her curious about how the human brain understands magnitude—what are the factors that influence our estimation of how big or small something is?
And does fear play a role?
So she and colleagues did an experiment in which participants had to say how big a spider in a photo was on a scale from housefly to goat.
And the subjects who were afraid of spiders consistently rated the arachnids as larger than did the non-phobic participants.
But the spider-phobes did not miscalculate the size of butterflies or birds.
Nor did they see wasps as larger-than-life, even though wasps can be dangerous.
The estimation error was spider-specific.
It seems our emotions drive us to experience the same world in very different ways.
The results are in the journal Biological Psychology.
"Now we can ask the question of what causes what?
Is it the fear of spiders that makes you see them as larger, or first you see them as larger for some reason and because of it you start being afraid of them?"
If it's the latter, then perhaps spider-phobes can be trained to more accurately judge the size of the arachnids, and maybe that could ease their worries.

托福阅读和听力 托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗( 四 )

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托福阅读和听力托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗( 四 )